***Part One: Transfiguration Facts for Beginners***

Chapter One: The Basis of the Spell
    Transfiguration is how us witches and wizards turn one object into another. The spells are pronounced with a thick, German scuff within the voice. "Turtle" would be pronounced "troytle". They take two phrases and combine them together. Within the Glossary of the book, you will find a full account on every word's phrase.
    Most likely, you are probably quite vague on these phrases. Here are some examples: aardvark is afrik, and butterfly is bufly . If you wanted to turn an aardvark into a butterfly, the phrase you would chant would be "AfrikBufly.' The first part one the phrase is the term for the animal as it originally was, and the second half of the phrase is what it shall become. Just remember to put the German slur into the sound of the phrase, so when said aloud it would sound like "Affrickbouflie ."


Chapter Two: Weighing Down the Facts
    Before you can learn how to transform anything, you would need to understand the physics of each item.  Now, you will learn the ratio of one item's weight to the next item's weight. For example, the chance of successfully transforming a one and a half ounce staple remover is going to be easier to transform into a one ounce pen than turning the one and a half ounce stapler remover into a one pound stapler. Both of the above transformations will be successful because in transformation,  there is a ten pound range of weight with the objects. This range will improve as your transfiguration skills advance.
    If the range fails, then you would have to make a "Ratio of Weight." Ratio of Weight is most commonly used when transforming animated objects, because the ten pound range will be too small (like changing a deer into a cat). All you need to do is determine each item's weight. if the deer weight 568 pounds, and the cat weighs forty pounds, this is your easy formula. Move the decimal over one. Now, the cat is 4.0, and the deer is 56.8. With the pitch of your voice whenever you chant the spell now, you would say the cat phrase (felin) at a level 4/100 pitch, and deer (staj) will be pronounced, "felinSTAJ!."


Chapter Three: From One Item to Another
    There is a way to get by the weight problem besides a change in voice pitch. Voice pitches may not be that accurate, so you might make your lamp turn into a table, but the table would be either too small or too light. So, we will perform multiple transfigurations to get these spells right. To get that lamp into a table, you could first transform it into an end table and then it could become a dining table.


Chapter Four: Transforming Fire
    From Alchemy (and a little help from muggle Albert Einstein), we know of the equation E=MC squared. Or in laymen's terms, the energy within an object is equal to its mass times the speed of light squared. In our lesson, all we care about is the fact that energy can come from a mass. We can create the inanimate energy fire by transforming inanimate objects. The simple spell Flika is all you need to do the trick.
    Flika is commonly used by the dwarves of Durmstrangs (dwarves work there instead of  house elves). They constantly have to keep the fires in the school blazing during the winter, so all students are asked to place all waste products (except meat and garden vegetables) in specially marked bins. Any time of the day when the bins get full, the dwarves empty the trash barrels and throw the garbage into the fireplaces. Flika is then cast, and the trash produces flames above them.
    The spell was also used in creating Jonny’s abstract candles. Jonny merely picks at something valuable and and places an isolated Flika within. Whenever you light the candle again, it will always burn until all of the mass is gone.


Chapter Five: E=MC2 (or Energy = Ricteris)
    E=MC squared, but the question is how do you get all of that energy out of something? Most wizards prefer to gain energy from things by using the Ricteris transfiguration. True, Ricteris sounds like a charm, but it is used to turn an inanimate object into energy. When we use the term ‘inanimate', this excludes dead creatures. In fact, Ricteris rarely ever works on anything except rocks.
    Many wizard towns are powered by Ricteris as the entire town's generator. It's the wizard version of a nuclear power plant (only without the meltdowns). Ricteris and Flika are both considered to be the same type of transfiguration by some. But while Flika produces energy via fire, Ricteris’ energy comes from its immense transaction. No one has ever seen the chemical reaction that Ricteris has on objects, for all you could see is a brilliant white light.